A Celebration of Bavarian Tradition and Global Festivity
Oktoberfest, the world’s largest Volksfest, blends a vibrant beer festival with a traveling carnival, and has been celebrated annually in Munich, Bavaria, since 1810. Drawing over seven million visitors from around the world at its peak, this iconic event runs from mid- or late-September to the first Sunday in October, with occasional extensions to October 3rd in honor of German Unity Day. Locally known as d’Wiesn, the festival is more than just a beer-filled extravaganza—it’s a celebration of Bavarian culture and tradition.
The Origins of Oktoberfest
The first Oktoberfest took place in 1810 to honor the marriage of Kronprinz Ludwig (later King Ludwig I) to Princess Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen. Munich’s citizens were invited to a grand celebration held in the fields, which later became known as Theresienwiese. Horse races, along with other festivities, were held in front of Munich’s city gates, marking the beginning of what would evolve into today’s Oktoberfest.
Though its origins may have stemmed from royal celebrations, Oktoberfest quickly grew into a public festival. The horse races continued until 1960, and other attractions such as carnival booths, tree climbing, and bowling alleys emerged over time. Today, the parade of the Oktoberfest staff and breweries, which began in 1887, remains a much-anticipated part of the festivities, showcasing magnificently decorated horse teams and vibrant musical performances.
A Celebration of Beer and Tradition
One of Oktoberfest’s main draws is its beer, particularly Oktoberfestbier, a strong lager brewed by Munich’s six major breweries: Augustiner, Hacker-Pschorr, Hofbräu, Löwenbräu, Paulaner, and Spaten. At the festival’s peak in 2014, an astounding 7.7 million liters of beer were consumed.
The opening ceremony, a tradition since 1950, involves the mayor of Munich tapping the first keg and declaring “O’zapft is!” (“It’s tapped!”). From this moment, the beer starts flowing, and festival-goers enjoy not only beer but also traditional Bavarian foods like pretzels, sausages, and roast chicken. All the while, traditional brass bands keep the atmosphere lively in the beer tents.
Oktoberfest in Modern Times
Oktoberfest has evolved over the centuries. The festival was lengthened and shifted earlier into September due to the warmer weather. The traditional horse races may no longer be part of the event, but many customs remain intact, like the procession of costumed locals and the iconic statue of Bavaria, which has overlooked the festival since 1850.
Today, Oktoberfest offers much more than beer. Visitors can enjoy amusement rides, games, and cultural performances, making it a family-friendly event. Special provisions, such as the “quiet Oktoberfest” hours in the daytime, ensure that the atmosphere is enjoyable for both young and old.
Global Celebration
Oktoberfest is a unique blend of history, culture, and festivity. Whether you’re sipping on a frothy stein of beer or enjoying the lively parades and music, this global celebration of Bavarian tradition has something for everyone. While the event has evolved over the centuries, its heart remains the same—bringing people together in joyful celebration.